Retinopathy caused by a primary immune regulatory disorder - The spectrum of AIRE-associated retinopathy: Case series and literature review

Authors

• Mohammad Anas, Thomas Jefferson University
• Andrew C Browning, Royal Victoria Infirmary
• Siying Lin, University College London
• Omar A Mahroo, University College London
• Andrew R Webster, University College London
• Margaret Reynolds, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
• Tatyana Milman, Thomas Jefferson University
• Ralph C Eagle Jr, Thomas Jefferson University
• Richard Vile, Kings College London
• Marc Toso, University of Utah
• Gregory S Hageman, University of Utah
• Hossein Nazari, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities
• Erik J Van Kuijk, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities
• Jose S Pulido, Thomas Jefferson University

Journal

Eye

Publication Date

6-1-2026

Volume

40

Issue

9

First Page

1378

Last Page

1386

Document Type

Open Access Publication

DOI

10.1038/s41433-026-04365-9

Rights and Permissions

Anas, M., Browning, A.C., Lin, S. et al. Retinopathy caused by a primary immune regulatory disorder - the spectrum of AIRE-associated retinopathy: case series and literature review. Eye 40, 1378–1386 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-026-04365-9 This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Recommended Citation

Anas, Mohammad; Browning, Andrew C; Lin, Siying; Mahroo, Omar A; Webster, Andrew R; Reynolds, Margaret; Milman, Tatyana; Eagle, Ralph C Jr; Vile, Richard; Toso, Marc; Hageman, Gregory S; Nazari, Hossein; Van Kuijk, Erik J; and Pulido, Jose S, "Retinopathy caused by a primary immune regulatory disorder - The spectrum of AIRE-associated retinopathy: Case series and literature review." Eye. 40, 9. 1378 - 1386. (2026).
https://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/oa_4/7561

Department

ICTS (Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences)

Additional Links

Supplemental material is available for this article at publisher site.