Trends in ductus arteriosus stent versus Blalock-Taussig-Thomas shunt use and comparison of cost, length of stay, and short-term outcomes in neonates with ductal-dependent pulmonary blood flow: An observational study using the Pediatric Health Information Systems database

Bethan A Lemley, Northwestern University
Lezhou Wu, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Amy L Roberts, University of Pennsylvania
Russell T Shinohara, University of Pennsylvania
William O Quarshie, University of Pennsylvania
Athar M Qureshi, Baylor College of Medicine
Christopher L Smith, University of Pennsylvania
Yoav Dori, University of Pennsylvania
Matthew J Gillespie, University of Pennsylvania
Jonathan J Rome, University of Pennsylvania
Andrew C Glatz, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
Sandra Amaral, University of Pennsylvania
Michael L O'Byrne, University of Pennsylvania

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The modified Blalock-Taussig-Thomas shunt is the gold standard palliation for securing pulmonary blood flow in infants with ductal-dependent pulmonary blood flow. Recently, the ductus arteriosus stent (DAS) has become a viable alternative.

METHODS AND RESULTS: This was a retrospective multicenter study of neonates ≤30 days undergoing DAS or Blalock-Taussig-Thomas shunt placement between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2020 at hospitals reporting to the Pediatric Health Information Systems database. We performed generalized linear mixed-effects modeling to evaluate trends in intervention and intercenter variation, propensity score adjustment and inverse probability weighting with linear mixed-effects modeling to analyze length of stay and cost of hospitalization, and generalized linear mixed modeling to analyze differences in 30-day outcomes. There were 1874 subjects (58% male, 61% White) from 45 centers (29% DAS). Odds of DAS increased with time (odds ratio [OR] 1.23, annually,

CONCLUSIONS: Use of DAS is increasing, but there is variability across centers. Though odds of transplant-free survival and reintervention were not significantly different after DAS, and DAS was associated with shorter length of stay and lower in-hospital costs.