Journal
JAMA Network Open
Publication Date
5-2-2022
Volume
5
Issue
5
First Page
e2214153
Document Type
Open Access Publication
DOI
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.14153
Rights and Permissions
Butler AM, Brown DS, Durkin MJ, Sahrmann JM, Nickel KB, O'Neil CA, Olsen MA, Hyun DY, Zetts RM, Newland JG. Association of Inappropriate Outpatient Pediatric Antibiotic Prescriptions With Adverse Drug Events and Health Care Expenditures. JAMA Netw Open. 2022 May 2;5(5):e2214153. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.14153. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License.
Recommended Citation
Butler, Anne M; Brown, Derek S; Durkin, Michael J; Sahrmann, John M; Nickel, Katelin B; O'Neil, Caroline A; Olsen, Margaret A; Hyun, David Y; Zetts, Rachel M; and Newland, Jason G, "Association of inappropriate outpatient pediatric antibiotic prescriptions with adverse drug events and health care expenditures." JAMA Network Open. 5, 5. e2214153 (2022).
https://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/oa_4/545
Department
ICTS (Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences)
zoi220413supp1_prod_1654879100.14747.pdf (2414 kB)
eMethods. Definition of Inappropriate Antibiotic Duration for Bacterial Infections, Statistical Analysis eTable 1. Diagnosis Codes to Identify Eligible Patients for Pediatric Cohorts eTable 2. Medications to Identify Pediatric Patients for Exclusion eTable 3. Codes to Identify Pregnancy, Mechanical Ventilation, Hematologic or Solid Organ Malignant Neoplasms, and Hematologic or Immunologic Conditions for Exclusion eTable 4. Codes to Identify Pediatric Patients with Viral or Bacterial Infections for Exclusion eTable 5. Medications to Identify Index Oral Antibiotic Treatment eTable 6. Codes and Timing to Identify Adverse Drug Events for Comparative Safety Analyses eTable 7. Codes to Identify Baseline Characteristics eTable 8. Diagnosis Codes to Identify Elixhauser Comorbidities eTable 9. Distribution of Index Antibiotic Agents Prescribed to Children by Infection Type eTable 10. Additional Selected Baseline Characteristics of Children Diagnosed with Infections of Interest eTable 11. Number of Exclusions For Adverse Drug Event Outcomes That Occurred Within 30 Days Prior to the Index Date eTable 12. Unadjusted and Propensity Score–Weighted Hazard Ratio Estimates of Adverse Drug Events Following Inappropriate vs Appropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Pediatric Patients eTable 13. Inverse Probability Of Treatment–Weighted 30-Day All Cause and Adverse Drug Event–Related Attributable Expenditure Estimates of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Children by Setting eTable 14. Inverse Probability of Treatment–Weighted 30-Day Adverse Drug Event–Related Health Care Utilization and Total Per-Patient Expenditure Estimates of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Children eTable 15. Total 30-Day Attributable Expenditure Estimates of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions in 2017 Pediatric MarketScan Study Population, Age 6 Months to 17 Years eTable 16. Confidence Intervals for Annual National Attributable 30-Day Expenditures of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among the US Commercially Insured Population, Age 6 Months to 17 Years eTable 17. Baseline Characteristics of Children Diagnosed with a Noninfectious Clinical Condition eTable 18. Distribution of Index Antibiotic Agents Prescribed to Children by Noninfectious Clinical Condition eTable 19. Number of Exclusions For Adverse Drug Event Outcomes That Occurred Within 30 Days Prior to the Index Date by Noninfectious Clinical Condition eTable 20. Unadjusted and Propensity Score–Weighted Hazard Ratio Estimates of Adverse Drug Events Following Inappropriate vs Appropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Pediatric Patients by Noninfectious Clinical Condition eTable 21. Inverse Probability of Treatment–Weighted 30-Day Health Care Utilization and All-Cause and Adverse Drug Event–Related Total Per-Patient and Attributable Expenditure Estimates of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Children by Noninfectious Clinical Condition eTable 22. Total Attributable Expenditures of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Children by Noninfectious Clinical Condition eTable 23. Sensitivity Analyses for Inverse Probability of Treatment–Weighted All-Cause Attributable Expenditure Estimates of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Children by Condition eFigure 1. Derivation of Pediatric Infection Cohort in MarketScan Commercial Database (Index Events April 1, 2016, to September 30, 2018) eFigure 2. Standardized Mean Differences of Patient- and Provider-Level Characteristics Between Treatment Groups, in the Unweighted and Weighted Pediatric Populations, for Acute Kidney Failure Outcome Cohort eFigure 3. Propensity Score–Weighted Hazard Ratio Estimates of Additional Adverse Drug Events Following Inappropriate vs Appropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Pediatric Patients eFigure 4. Standardized Mean Differences of Patient- and Provider-Level Characteristics Between Treatment Groups, in the Unweighted and Weighted Populations of Children with Asthma and Allergy or Asthma Exacerbation, for Acute Kidney Failure Safety Outcome Cohort eFigure 5. Propensity Score–Weighted Hazard Ratio Estimates of Adverse Drug Events Following Inappropriate vs Appropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Asthma or Allergy and Asthma Exacerbation Pediatric Cohorts eFigure 6. Weighted 30-Day Attributable Expenditures of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions for Asthma or Allergy and Asthma Exacerbation Pediatric Cohorts eReferences.
2022_cx_220090_1654814876.27475.pdf (191 kB)
Error in Figure 1
eMethods. Definition of Inappropriate Antibiotic Duration for Bacterial Infections, Statistical Analysis eTable 1. Diagnosis Codes to Identify Eligible Patients for Pediatric Cohorts eTable 2. Medications to Identify Pediatric Patients for Exclusion eTable 3. Codes to Identify Pregnancy, Mechanical Ventilation, Hematologic or Solid Organ Malignant Neoplasms, and Hematologic or Immunologic Conditions for Exclusion eTable 4. Codes to Identify Pediatric Patients with Viral or Bacterial Infections for Exclusion eTable 5. Medications to Identify Index Oral Antibiotic Treatment eTable 6. Codes and Timing to Identify Adverse Drug Events for Comparative Safety Analyses eTable 7. Codes to Identify Baseline Characteristics eTable 8. Diagnosis Codes to Identify Elixhauser Comorbidities eTable 9. Distribution of Index Antibiotic Agents Prescribed to Children by Infection Type eTable 10. Additional Selected Baseline Characteristics of Children Diagnosed with Infections of Interest eTable 11. Number of Exclusions For Adverse Drug Event Outcomes That Occurred Within 30 Days Prior to the Index Date eTable 12. Unadjusted and Propensity Score–Weighted Hazard Ratio Estimates of Adverse Drug Events Following Inappropriate vs Appropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Pediatric Patients eTable 13. Inverse Probability Of Treatment–Weighted 30-Day All Cause and Adverse Drug Event–Related Attributable Expenditure Estimates of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Children by Setting eTable 14. Inverse Probability of Treatment–Weighted 30-Day Adverse Drug Event–Related Health Care Utilization and Total Per-Patient Expenditure Estimates of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Children eTable 15. Total 30-Day Attributable Expenditure Estimates of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions in 2017 Pediatric MarketScan Study Population, Age 6 Months to 17 Years eTable 16. Confidence Intervals for Annual National Attributable 30-Day Expenditures of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among the US Commercially Insured Population, Age 6 Months to 17 Years eTable 17. Baseline Characteristics of Children Diagnosed with a Noninfectious Clinical Condition eTable 18. Distribution of Index Antibiotic Agents Prescribed to Children by Noninfectious Clinical Condition eTable 19. Number of Exclusions For Adverse Drug Event Outcomes That Occurred Within 30 Days Prior to the Index Date by Noninfectious Clinical Condition eTable 20. Unadjusted and Propensity Score–Weighted Hazard Ratio Estimates of Adverse Drug Events Following Inappropriate vs Appropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Pediatric Patients by Noninfectious Clinical Condition eTable 21. Inverse Probability of Treatment–Weighted 30-Day Health Care Utilization and All-Cause and Adverse Drug Event–Related Total Per-Patient and Attributable Expenditure Estimates of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Children by Noninfectious Clinical Condition eTable 22. Total Attributable Expenditures of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Children by Noninfectious Clinical Condition eTable 23. Sensitivity Analyses for Inverse Probability of Treatment–Weighted All-Cause Attributable Expenditure Estimates of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Children by Condition eFigure 1. Derivation of Pediatric Infection Cohort in MarketScan Commercial Database (Index Events April 1, 2016, to September 30, 2018) eFigure 2. Standardized Mean Differences of Patient- and Provider-Level Characteristics Between Treatment Groups, in the Unweighted and Weighted Pediatric Populations, for Acute Kidney Failure Outcome Cohort eFigure 3. Propensity Score–Weighted Hazard Ratio Estimates of Additional Adverse Drug Events Following Inappropriate vs Appropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Pediatric Patients eFigure 4. Standardized Mean Differences of Patient- and Provider-Level Characteristics Between Treatment Groups, in the Unweighted and Weighted Populations of Children with Asthma and Allergy or Asthma Exacerbation, for Acute Kidney Failure Safety Outcome Cohort eFigure 5. Propensity Score–Weighted Hazard Ratio Estimates of Adverse Drug Events Following Inappropriate vs Appropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Asthma or Allergy and Asthma Exacerbation Pediatric Cohorts eFigure 6. Weighted 30-Day Attributable Expenditures of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions for Asthma or Allergy and Asthma Exacerbation Pediatric Cohorts eReferences.
2022_cx_220090_1654814876.27475.pdf (191 kB)
Error in Figure 1
