The Open Access Publications collection contains peer-reviewed articles authored by Washington University School of Medicine faculty that have been published in open access journals or authorized by the publishers for open access availability. Open access works are generally defined as being publicly available online and free of most licensing and copyright restrictions. The Bernard Becker Medical Library maintains this collection in support of Washington University’s commitment to the principles of open access publishing and making the scholarly work and research results of our faculty as widely and easily available as possible.
Submissions from 2012
WldS but not Nmnat1 protects dopaminergic neurites from MPP+ neurotoxicity, Jo Ann V. Antenor-Dorsey and Karen O'Malley
RAG-induced DNA double-strand breaks signal through Pim2 to promote pre-B cell survival and limit proliferation, Jeffrey J. Bednarski, Andrew Nickless, Deepta Bhattacharya, Rupesh H. Amin, Mark S. Schlissel, and Barry P. Sleckman
Bidirectional relationship between functional connectivity and amyloid-β deposition in mouse brain, Adam W. Bero, Adam O. Bauer, Floy R. Stewart, Brian R. White, John R. Cirrito, Marcus E. Raichle, Joseph P. Culver, and David M. Holtzman
Altered networks in bothersome tinnitus: A functional connectivity study, Harold Burton, Andre Wineland, Mousumi Bhattacharya, Joyce Nicklaus, Keith S. Garcia, and Jay F. Piccirillo
FGFR2 point mutations in 466 endometrioid endometrial tumors: Relationship with MSI, KRAS, PIK3CA, CTNNB1 mutations and clinicopathological features, Sara A. Byron, Michael Gartside, Matthew A. Powell, Candice L. Wellens, Feng Gao, David G. Mutch, Paul J. Goodfellow, and Pamela M. Pollock
Use of medicare diagnosis and procedure codes to improve detection of surgical site infections following hip arthroplasty, knee arthroplasty, and vascular surgery, Michael S. Calderwood, Allen Ma, Yosef M. Khan, Margaret A. Olsen, Dale W. Bratzler, Deborah S. Yokoe, David C. Hooper, Kurt Stevenson, Victoria J. Fraser, Richard Platt, Susan S. Huang, and CDC Prevention Epicenters Program
Listeriolysin O is strongly immunogenic independently of its cytotoxic activity, Javier A. Carrero, Hector Vivanco-Cid, and Emil R. Unanue
STAT1-deficient mice spontaneously develop estrogen receptor alpha-positive luminal mammary carcinomas, Szeman Ruby Chan, William Vermi, Jingqin Luo, Laura Lucini, Charles Rickert, Amy M. Fowler, Silvia Lonardi, Cora Arthur, Larry JT Young, David E. Levy, Michael J. Welch, Robert D. Cardiff, and Robert D. Schreiber
Psoriasis patients are enriched for genetic variants that protect against HIV-1 disease, Haoyan Chen, Genki Hayashi, Olivia Y. Lai, Alexander Dilthey, Peter J. Kuebler, Tami V. Wong, Maureen P. Martin, Marcelo A. Fernandez Vina, Gil McVean, Matthias Wabl, Kieron S. Leslie, Toby Maurer, Jeffrey N. Martin, Steven G. Deeks, Mary Carrington, Anne M. Bowcock, Douglas F. Nixon, and Wilson Liao
Influence of primary care physician availability and socioeconomic deprivation on breast cancer from 1988 to 2008: A spatio-temporal analysis, Lung-Chang Chien, Anjali D. Deshpande, Donna B. Jeffe, and Mario Schootman
Leishmania amazonensis arginase compartmentalization in the glycosome is important for parasite infectivity, Maria Fernanda Laranjeira da Silva, Ricardo Andrade Zampieri, Sandra M. Muxel, Stephen M. Beverley, and Lucile M. Floeter-Winter
Antibodies against the envelope glycoprotein promote infectivity of immature Dengue Virus Serotype 2, Julia M. da Silva Voorham, Izabela A. Rodenhuis-Zybert, Nilda Vanesa Ayala Nunez, Tonya M. Colpitts, Heidi van der Ende-Metselaar, Erol Fikrig, Michael S. Diamond, Jan Wilschut, and Jolanda M. Smit
Recent progress in West Nile virus diagnosis and vaccination, Marina De Filette, Sebastian Ulbert, Mike Diamond, and Niek N. Sanders
Implementing automated surveillance for tracking Clostridium difficile infection at multiple healthcare facilities, Erik R. Dubberke, Humaa A. Nyazee, Deborah S. Yokoe, Jeanmarie Mayer, Kurt B. Stevenson, Julie E. Mangino, Yosef M. Khan, Victoria J. Fraser, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Epicenter Program
Accuracy of fall prediction in Parkinson disease: six-month and 12-month prospective analyses, Ryan P. Duncan, Abigail L. Leddy, James T. Cavanaugh, Leland E. Dibble, Terry D. Ellis, Matthew P. Ford, K. B. Foreman, and Gammon M. Earhart
IL-10R blockade during chronic schistosomiasis mansoni results in the loss of B cells from the liver and the development of severe pulmonary disease, Keke C. Fairfax, Eyal Amiel, Irah L. King, Tori C. Freitas, Markus Mohrs, and Edward J. Pearce
Co-survival of the fittest few: Mosaic amplification of receptor tyrosine kinases in glioblastoma, Chen Feng and Li Ding
A dual role of BRCA1 in two distinct homologous recombination mediated repair in response to replication arrest, Zhihui Feng and Junran Zhang
Reply to Herigon and Newland, Stephanie A. Fritz, Bernard C. Camins, Jonathan Dukes, and Gregory A. Storch
Time of day regulates subcellular trafficking, tripartite synaptic localization, and polyadenylation of the astrocytic Fabp7 mRNA, Jason R. Gerstner, William M. Vanderheyden, Timothy LaVaute, Cara J. Westmark, Labib Rouhana, Allan I. Pack, Marv Wickens, and Charles F. Landry
Causal links between dorsal medial superior temporal area neurons and multisensory heading perception, Yong Gu, Gregory C. DeAngelis, and Dora E. Angelaki
Sodium-activated potassium channels are functionally coupled to persistent sodium currents, Travis A. Hage and Lawrence Salkoff
The impact of mild stroke on participation in physical fitness activities, Mary Hildebrand, Megan Brewer, and Timothy Wolf
The mode of retinal presynaptic inhibition switches with light intensity, Tomomi Ichinose and Peter D. Lukasiewicz
A multicenter study of Clostridium difficile infection-related colectomy, 2000-2006, Amelia M. Kasper, Humaa A. Nyazee, Deborah S. Yokoe, Jeanmarie Mayer, Julie E. Mangino, Yosef M. Khan, Bala Hota, Victoria J. Fraser, and Erik R. Dubberke
Economic impact of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a large matched cohort, Marin H. Kollef, Cindy W. Hamilton, and Frank R. Ernst
Beyond 30 days: Does limiting the duration of surgical site infection follow-up limit detection?, Julie D. Lankiewicz, Deborah S. Yokoe, Margaret A. Olsen, Fallon Onufrak, Victoria J. Fraser, Kurt Stevenson, Yosef Khan, David Hooper, Richard Platt, and Susan S. Huang
Political and social determinants of life expectancy in less developed countries: A longitudinal study, Ro-Ting Lin, Ya-Mei Chen, Lung-Chang Chien, and Chang-Chuan Chan
Splint: The efficacy of orthotic management in rest to prevent equinus in children with cerebral palsy, a randomised controlled trial, Josina C. Maas, Annet J. Dallmeijer, Peter A. Huijing, Janice E. Brunstrom-Hernandez, Petra J. van Kampen, Richard T. Jaspers, and Jules G. Becher
Putative factors that may modulate the effect of exercise on liver fat: Insights from animal studies, Faidon Magkos
The sodium channel accessory subunit Navβ1 regulates neuronal excitability through modulation of repolarizing voltage-gated K+ channels, Céline Marionneau, Yarimar Carrasquillo, Aaron J. Norris, R. Reid Townsend, Lori L. Isom, Andrew J. Link, and Jeanne M. Nerbonne
Mitochondrial dysfunction and β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus, Zhongmin Alex Ma, Zhengshan Zhao, and John Turk
Lack of short-term effectiveness of rotating treadmill training on turning in people with mild-to-moderate Parkinson's disease and healthy older adults: A randomized, controlled study, Marie E. McNeely and Gammon M. Earhart
What would make getting colorectal cancer screening easier? Perspectives from screeners and nonscreeners, Gilda G. Medina, Amy McQueen, Anthony J. Greisinger, L. Kay Bartholomew, and Sally W. Vernon
An institutional perspective on the impact of recent antibiotic exposure on length of stay and hospital costs for patients with gram-negative sepsis, Scott Micek, Michael T. Johnson, Richard Reichley, and Marin H. Kollef
Evidence of differential allelic effects between adolescents and adults for plasma high-density lipoprotein, Rita PS Middelberg, Andrew C. Heath, Pamela AF Madden, Grant W. Montgomery, Nicholas G. Martin, and John B. Whitfield
Mitofusin2 mutations disrupt axonal mitochondrial positioning and promote axon degeneration, Albert L. Misko, Yo Sasaki, Elizabeth Tuck, Jeffrey Milbrandt, and Robert H. Baloh
Ligand-induced movements of inner transmembrane helices of Glut1 revealed by chemical cross-linking of di-cysteine mutants, Mike Mueckler and Carol Makepeace
Frequent hospital readmissions for Clostridium difficile infection and the impact on estimates of hospital-associated C. difficile burden, Courtney R. Murphy, Taliser R. Avery, Erik R. Dubberke, and Susan S. Huang
A cross-species analysis of microRNAs in the developing avian face, Kara E. Powder, Yuan-Chieh Ku, Samantha A. Brugmann, Rose A. Veile, Nicole A. Renaud, Jill A. Helms, and Michael Lovett
Cost-effectiveness of peer-delivered interventions for cocaine and alcohol abuse among women: A randomized controlled trial, Jennifer Prah Ruger, Arbi Ben Abdallah, Craig Luekens, and Linda Cottler
CXCL12 mediates trophic interactions between endothelial and tumor cells in glioblastoma, Shyam Rao, Rajarshi Sengupta, Eun Joo Choe, B. Mark Woerner, Erin Jackson, Tao Sun, Jeffrey Leonard, David Piwnica-Worms, and Joshua B. Rubin
Functional relationships between lipid metabolism and liver regeneration, David A. Rudnick and Nicholas O. Davidson
Mechanisms of remodeling in asthmatic airways, Adrian Shifren, Chad Witt, Chandrika Christie, and Mario Castro
Thalamocortical dysfunction and thalamic injury after asphyxial cardiac arrest in developing rats, Michael Shoykhet, Daniel J. Simons, Henry Alexander, Christina Hosler, Patrick M. Kochanek, and Robert S. Clark
Spontaneous activity promotes synapse formation in a cell-type-dependent manner in the developing retina, Florentina Soto, Xiaofeng Ma, Jacob L. Cecil, Bradly Q. Vo, Susan M. Culican, and Daniel Kerschensteiner
CCL2 upregulation triggers hypoxic preconditioning-induced protection from stroke, Ann M. Stowe, Bradley K. Wacker, Petra D. Cravens, Jennifer L. Perfater, Min K. Li, Ruilong Hu, Angela B. Freie, Olaf Stuve, and Jeffrey M. Gidday
Why does Jack, and not Jill, break his crown? Sex disparity in brain tumors, Tao Sun, Nicole M. Warrington, and Joshua B. Rubin
Lack of evidence from studies of soluble protein fragments that Knops blood group polymorphisms in complement receptor-type 1 are driven by malaria, Patience B. Tetteh-Quarcoo, Christoph Q. Schmidt, Wai-Hong Tham, Richard Hauhart, Haydyn D T Mertens, Arthur Rowe, John P. Atkinson, Alan F. Cowman, J Alexandra Rowe, and Paul N. Barlow
Organization of Vomeronasal Sensory Coding Revealed by Fast Volumetric Calcium Imaging, Diwakar Turaga and Timothy E. Holy
Physiological notch signaling maintains bone homeostasis via RBPjk and Hey upstream of NFATc1, Xiaolin Tu, Jianquan Chen, Joohyun Lim, Courtney M. Karner, Seung-Yon Lee, Julia Heisig, Cornelia Wiese, Kameswaran Surendran, Raphael Kopan, Manfred Gessler, and Fanxin Long
Network analysis of corticocortical connections reveals ventral and dorsal processing streams in mouse visual cortex, Quanxin Wang, Olaf Sporns, and Andreas Burkhalter
Submissions from 2011
Case-control association testing by graphical modeling for the Genetic Analysis Workshop 17 mini-exome sequence data, Haley J. Abel and Alun Thomas
Principal component analysis of dynamic relative displacement fields estimated from MR images, Teresa M. Abney, Yuan Feng, Robert Pless, Ruth J. Okamoto, Guy M. Genin, and Philip V. Bayly
HelmCoP: An online resource for helminth functional genomics and drug and vaccine targets prioritization, Sahar Abubucker, John Martin, Christina M. Taylor, and Makedonka Mitreva
Exome sequencing identifies an MYH3 mutation in a family with distal arthrogryposis type 1, David M. Alvarado, Jillian G. Buchan, Christina A. Gurnett, and Matthew B. Dobbs
An RNA interference-based screen of transcription factor genes identifies pathways necessary for sensory regeneration in the avian inner ear, David M. Alvarado, R. D. Hawkins, Stavros Bashiardes, Rose A. Veile, Yuan-Chieh Ku, Kara E. Powder, Meghan K. Spriggs, Judith D. Speck, Mark E. Warchol, and Michael Lovett
A knock-in mouse model for the R120G mutation of alphaBcrystallin recapitulates human hereditary myopathy and cataracts, Usha P. Andley, Paul D. Hamilton, Nathan Ravi, and Conrad C. Weihl
Coding of stereoscopic depth information in visual areas V3 and V3A, Akiyuki Anzai, Syed A. Chowdhury, and Gregory C. DeAngelis
Prevalence of nasal carriage of mupirocin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among hospitalized patients in Thailand, Anucha Apisarnthanarak, David K. Warren, and Victoria J. Fraser
Diagnosis and management of fetal growth restriction, Jacqueline E. A. K. Bamfo and Anthony O. Odibo
6-OHDA generated ROS induces DNA damage and p53- and PUMA-dependent cell death, Alison I. Bernstein, Sean P. Garrison, Gerard P. Zambetti, and Karen L. O'Malley
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of SNOT-20 in Portuguese, Thiago Freire Pinto Bezerra, Jay F. Piccirillo, Marco Aurélio Fornazieri, Renata R. de M. Pilan, Tatiana Regina Teles Abdo, Fabio de Rezende Pinna, Francini Grecco de Melo Padua, and Richard Louis Voegels
Vacuolization of mucolipidosis type II mouse exocrine gland cells represents accumulation of autolysosomes, Marielle Boonen, Eline van Meel, Viola Oorschot, Judith Klumperman, and Stuart Kornfeld
Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) shapes both innate and CD8⁺ T cell immune responses against West Nile virus infection, James D. Brien; Stephane Daffis; Helen M. Lazear; Hyelim Cho; Mehul S. Suthar; Michael Gale, Jr; and Michael S. Diamond
Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) shapes both innate and CD8 T cell immune responses against West Nile virus infection, James D. Brien; Stephanie Daffis; Helen M. Lazear; Hyelim Cho; Mehul S. Suthar; Michael Gale, Jr; and Michael S. Diamond
Current measures of metabolic heterogeneity within cervical cancer do not predict disease outcome, Frank J. Brooks and Perry W. Grigsby
Effect of short-duration low-magnitude cyclic loading versus immobilization on tendon-bone healing after ACL reconstruction in a rat model, Robert H. Brophy, David Kovacevic, Carl W. Imhauser, Mark Stasiak, Asheesh Bedi, Alice J.S. Fox, Xiang-Hua Deng, and Scott A. Rodeo
Are dropped osteoarticular bone fragments safely reimplantable in vivo?, Benjamin Bruce, Shahin Sheibani-Rad, Deborah Appleyard, Ryan P. Calfee, Steven E. Reinert, Kimberle C. Chapin, and Christopher W. DiGiovanni
Effects of human immunodeficiency virus and metabolic complications on myocardial nutrient metabolism, blood flow, and oxygen consumption: A cross-sectional analysis, W Todd Cade, Dominic N. Reeds, E Turner Overton, Pilar Herrero, Alan D. Waggoner, Victor G. Davila-Roman, Sherry Lassa-Claxton, Robert J. Gropler, Pablo F. Soto, Melissa J. Krauss, Kevin E. Yarasheski, and Linda R. Peterson
Moving pictures of the human microbiome, J Gregory Caporaso, Christian L. Lauber, Elizabeth K. Costello, Donna Berg-Lyons, Antonio Gonzalez, Jesse Stombaugh, Dan Knights, Pawel Gajer, Jacques Ravel, Noah Fierer, Jeffrey I. Gordon, and Rob Knight
Sequencing the genome of the Burmese python (Python molurus bivittatus) as a model for studying extreme adaptations in snakes, Todd A. Castoe, AP Jason de Koning, Kathryn T. Hall, Ken D. Yokoyama, Wanjun Gu, Eric N. Smith, Cedric Feschotte, Peter Uetz, David A. Ray, Jason Dobry, Robert Bogden, Stephen P. Mackessy, Anne M. Bronikowski, Wesley C. Warren, Stephen M. Secor, and David D. Pollock
Total error shift patterns for daily CT on rails image-guided radiotherapy to the prostate bed, Ronaldo Cavalieri, Hiram A. Gay, Jingxia Liu, Maria C. Ferreira, Helvecio C. Mota, Claudio H. Sibata, and Ron R. Allison
A comparison of vestibular spatiotemporal tuning in macaque parietoinsular vestibular cortex, ventral intraparietal area, and medial superior temporal area, Aihua Chen, Gregory C. DeAngelis, and Dora E. Angelaki
Convergence of vestibular and visual self-motion signals in an area of the posterior sylvian fissure, Aihua Chen, Gregory C. DeAngelis, and Dora E. Angelaki
Representation of vestibular and visual cues to self-motion in ventral intraparietal cortex, Aihua Chen, Gregory C. DeAngelis, and Dora E. Angelaki
A genetic risk score combining ten psoriasis risk loci improves disease prediction, Haoyan Chen, Annie Poon, Celestine Yeung, Cynthia Helms, Jennifer Pons, Anne M. Bowcock, Pui-Yan Kwok, and Wilson Liao
Ancestral genes can control the ability of horizontally acquired loci to confer new traits, H. Deborah Chen, Mollie W. Jewett, and Eduardo A. Groisman
Point mutations in Helicobacter pylori ’s fur regulatory gene that alter resistance to metronidazole, a prodrug activated by chemical reduction, Sung Sook Choi, Peter T. Chivers, and Douglas E. Berg
The HTLV-1 hbz antisense gene indirectly promotes tax expression via down-regulation of p30-II mRNA, Gunjan Choudhary, Daniel Rauch, and Lee Ratner
A modified bacterial one-hybrid system yields improved quantitative models of transcription factor specificity, Ryan G. Christensen, Ankit Gupta, Zheng Zuo, Lawrence A. Schriefer, Scot A. Wolfe, and Gary D. Stormo
Expression of the G-CSF receptor in monocytic cells is sufficient to mediate hematopoietic progenitor mobilization by G-CSF in mice, Matthew J. Christopher, Mahil Rao, Fulu Liu, Jill R. Woloszynek, and Daniel C. Link
Distance-based phenotypic association analysis of DNA sequence data, Doyoung Chung, Qunyuan Zhang, Aldi T. Kraja, Ingrid B. Borecki, and Michael A. Province
Diffusion of MMPs on the surface of collagen fibrils: The mobile cell surface - collagen substratum interface, Ivan E. Collier, Wesley Legant, Barry Marmer, Olga Lubman, Saveez Saffarian, Tetsuro Wakatsuki, Elliot Elson, and Gregory I. Goldberg
Multiplexed immunoassay panel identifies novel CSF biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and prognosis, Rebecca Craig-Shapiro, Max Kuhn, Chengjie Xiong, Eve H. Pickering, Jingxia Liu, Thomas P. Misko, Richard J. Perrin, Kelly R. Bales, Holly Soares, Anne M. Fagan, and David H. Holtzman
CXCR7 antagonism prevents axonal injury during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis as revealed by in vivo axial diffusivity, Lillian Cruz-Orengo, Ying-Jr Chen, Joong Hee Kim, Denise Dorsey, Sheng-Kwei Song, and Robyn S. Klein
CXCR7 influences leukocyte entry into the CNS parenchyma by controlling abluminal CXCL12 abundance during autoimmunity, Lillian Cruz-Orengo, David W. Holman, Denise Dorsey, Liang Zhou, Penglie Zhang, Melissa Wright, Erin E. McCandless, Jigisha R. Patel, Gary D. Luker, Dan R. Littman, John H. Russell, and Robyn S. Klein
Stratify or adjust? Dealing with multiple populations when evaluating rare variants, Robert C. Culverhouse, Anthony L. Hinrichs, and Brian K. Suarez
RNAi effector diversity in nematodes, Jonathan J. Dalzell, Paul McVeigh, Neil D. Warnock, Makedonka Mitreva, David Mck Bird, Pierre Abad, Colin C. Fleming, Tim A. Day, Angela Mousley, Nikki J. Marks, and Aaron G. Maule
Enantioselective protein-sterol interactions mediate regulation of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic inward rectifier K+ channels by cholesterol, Nazzareno D'Avanzo, Krzysztof Hyrc, Decha Enkvetchakul, Douglas F. Covey, and Colin G. Nichols
In-depth analysis of the antibody response of individuals exposed to primary dengue virus infection, Ruklanthi de Alwis, Martina Beltramello, William B. Messer, Soila Sukupolvi-Petty, Wahala M. P. B. Wahala, Annette Kraus, Nicholas P. Olivarez, Quang Pham, James Brian, Wen-Yang Tsai, Wei-Kung Wang, Scott Halstead, Srisakul Kliks, Michael S. Diamond, Ralph Baric, Antonio Lanzavecchia, Federica Sallusto, and Aravinda M. de Silva
Abnormal presynaptic short-term plasticity and information processing in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome, Pan-Yue Deng, David Sojka, and Vitaly A. Klyachko
Comparison of research case definitions for carpal tunnel syndrome, Alexis Descatha, Ann-Marie Dale, Alfred Franzblau, Justin Coomes, and Bradley A. Evanoff
Identification of transcriptional regulatory networks specific to pilocytic astrocytoma, Hrishikesh Deshmukh, Jinsheng Yu, Jahangheer Shaik, Tobey J. MacDonald, Arie Perry, Jacqueline E. Payton, David H. Gutmann, Mark A. Watson, and Rakesh Nagarajan
The susceptibility of trypanosomatid pathogens to PI3/mTOR kinase inhibitors affords a new opportunity for drug repurposing, Rosario Diaz-Gonzalez, F. Matthew Kuhlmann, Cristina Galan-Rodriguez, Manuel Saldivia, Caitlin E. Karver, Ana Rodriguez, Stephen M. Beverley, Miguel Navarro, and Michael P. Pollastri
Development and validation of a Clostridium difficile infection risk prediction model, Erik R. Dubberke, Yan Yan, Kimberly A. Reske, Anne M. Butler, Joshua Doherty, Victor Pham, and Victoria J. Fraser
Does perception equal reality? Weight misperception in relation to weight-related attitudes and behaviors among overweight and obese US adults, Dustin T. Duncan, Kathleen Y. Wolin, Melissa Scharoun-Lee, Eric L. Ding, Erica T. Warner, and Gary G. Bennett
Batf3-Dependent CD11b peripheral dendritic cells are GM-CSF-independent and are not required for Th Cell priming after subcutaneous immunization, Brian T. Edelson, Tara R. Bradstreet, Wumesh KC, Kai Hildner, Jeremy W. Herzog, Julia Sim, John H. Russell, Theresa L. Murphy, Emil R. Unanue, and Kenneth M. Murphy
Tissue and stage-specific distribution of Wolbachia in Brugia malayi, Kerstin Fischer, Wandy L. Beatty, Daojun Jiang, Gary J. Weil, and Peter U. Fischer
A clustering analysis of lipoprotein diameters in the metabolic syndrome, Alexis C. Frazier-Wood, Stephen Glasser, W Timothy Garvey, Edmond K. Kabagambe, Ingrid B. Borecki, Hemant K. Tiwari, Michael Y. Tsai, Paul N. Hopkins, Jose M. Ordovas, and Donna K. Arnett